Ala II Pannoniorum
Missile Cavalry(0.6.7)Side / Back

Short description
The ala II Pannoniorum was a cavalry auxiliary unit, having the size of a quingenaria. Sometimes it bears also the name 'veterana'.
Description
This military unit had an important role in the province of Dacia. The ala II Pannoniorum was a cavalry auxiliary unit, having the size of a quingenaria. Sometimes it bears also the name 'veterana'. One cannot tell precisely when and why this epitheton was added, but it seems that it was mostly ignored. Several times the ala is called Gallorum et Pannoniorum too, in different moments and apparently without a rule. No explanation was offered. The early history of the unit is rather unknown. It was founded sometime in the first half of the 1st century A. D., in Pannonia. Mostly consisting of Pannonian provincials, it received gradually more and more Roman citizens as well. In the second half of the century, the unit acted in Syria; later one can meet it at the Danube, in Upper Moesia. This movement was somehow connected to the Dacian war of Domitian.
However, a Greek fragmentary inscription from Madytus (Thracia) brings a different argument; the anonymous praefectus alae mentioned in the text participated in the Dacian war and even received a decoration, before being promoted as commandant of this ala in Syria. Therefore, the transfer of the ala II Pannoniorum in Upper Moesia must have taken place sometime after 88 AD. The ala II Pannoniorum also appears in the military diplomas of the province from, 100 and 101 AD.
This ala played an important role in the conquest of Dacia. Its participation in the war between 101-102 A. D. is sure, even if no details are available. As main evidence one can use the promotion to the status of duplarius of the brave vexillarius Ti. Claudius Maximus. During the second Dacian war, a squadron of this unit, led by the further recorded Maximus, chased the Dacian king Decebalus until he committed suicide, and then brought his head to the emperor. The whole ala received a special distinction for bravery as well.
Later, the ala (or some its vexillations) participated in the Parthian war of Trajan. After the closing of peace, it must have returned to Dacia, at Gherla. Doubtless it took part in the war against the Sarmatian Iazyges, under the general command of Q. Marcius Turbo; it is enlisted among the military units, which operated releasements of veterans in 119 AD.
